Lithium-iron-orthosilicate is one of the most promising cathode materials for Li-ion batteries due to its safety, environmental brightness and potentially low cost. In order to produce a low cost cathode material, Li2FeSiO4/C samples are synthesized via sol-gel (SG; one sample) and solid state (SS; two samples with different carbon content) methods, starting from Fe(III) as the raw materials (low pristine materials). The three samples are characterized for purity, structure, and morphology. The electrochemical tests showed the different charge-discharge behaviors of the SS and SG samples. Electrochemical behaviors were investigated in terms of voltage vs. square root of capacity diagrams and their slopes. The best results are obtained for the SS sample containing the larger amount of carbon.

Introduction and Objectives: Optimization of vanadium phosphate compounds through the control of synthesis methods plays a key role in enhancing their performance. In this research, the effect of adding cetyltrimethylammonium bromide with different molar percentages relative to the oxidizer (lithium nitrate) on the electrochemical properties of lithium vanadium phosphate cathode was investigated. Materials and Methods: The solution combustion synthesis method was used to produce lithium vanadium phosphate samples with two different fuel-to-oxidizer ratios (φ = 0. 5 and φ = 1). Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide was used not only as a fuel but also as a carbon source. Results: Scanning electron microscopy results showed that increasing the fuel-to-oxidizer ratio from 0. 5 to 1 led to the formation of spherical particles in the morphology, which improved the electrochemical performance. The lithium vanadium phosphate sample with φ = 1 exhibited superior electrochemical performance, with a specific discharge capacity of 111. 17 mAh/g at a current rate of 0. 1C and 68 mAh/g at a current rate of 5C. After 150 cycles, the lithium vanadium phosphate sample with φ = 1 maintained a capacity of 79. 16 mAh/g at a current rate of 5C. Conclusion: The findings of this research indicate that the use of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide in the solution combustion synthesis process and the adjustment of the fuel-to-oxidizer ratio can play a significant role in optimizing the structure and improving the electrochemical performance of lithium vanadium phosphate cathode. The results of this study can be utilized in optimizing synthesis processes and developing new materials for next-generation batteries.

Li-ion battery additives improve the performance, lifetime, and stability of Li-ion batteries by stabilizing electrode-electrolyte interfaces, improving electrolyte properties, facilitating efficient use of resources, and facilitating rapid lithium migration. However, fire safety, long service life, and capacity maintenance are all critical concerns for commercial Li-ion batteries. Several approaches have been explored to improve electrochemical performance, increase safety, and higher lifetime. Additives are one promising way to meet the above requirements. In this paper, we used dopamine as a cheap and safe additive (compared to organic compounds) at a concentration of 0.05 wt% to the electrolyte in a lithium-ion full-cell battery with a graphite anode LFP cathode (cylindrical battery 38120). Our results showed increased thermal stability, accelerated solid electrolyte interphase formation in graphite, improved CEI on the LFP cathode surface, and maintained 100% capacity after 200 cycles. This additive plays a constructive role in the LFP cathode to increase the performance of the Li-ion battery without causing combustion or environmental hazards.

The active cauliflower-like LiFePO4 (LFP/Cin) material was synthesized with hydrothermal process in the presence of glucose and then calcined at 600 ° C. The physical properties, particle size and morphology of obtained samples were investigated with the X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). The electrochemical performance of nano-composites was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and galvanostatic cycling performance. The CV curves show that LFP/Cin has higher electrochemical reactivity for lithium insertion and extraction than the LFP conventional cathode material. EIS measurements demonstrated that Rct for LFP/Cin is 70 and 50 percent lower compared to LFP and LFP/Cex respectively. The initial discharge capacity of LiFePO4/Cin cathode material delivers about 133. 92 mAh g− 1 (82% of theoretical capacity) at 0. 1 C and cycling stability with 96. 3% of capacity retention after 40 cycles at 0. 1 C. Electrochemical tests demonstrate that in-situ carbon coating play an important role in the improvement of battery performance with increasing the conductivity, reduce the particles size and unique structure.

In this article elimination of glucose from aquatic solution by different methods such as TiO2 nano particles and H2O2 have investigated. Important parameters like pH (2-10) and ratio of nano particles to glucose and other things have accomplished. Best condition was founded as: [H2O2] =100 ppm, [nano-TiO2]=0.03 g/L, initial pH=6, Temperature=65oC The results showed that the degradation process of glucose in aqueous solution follow of the pseudo first-order system.

Low-cost lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) with high specific energy density have drawn the attention of the industrial community as lithium-ion batteries get closer to their theoretical limits. However, their commercialization is constrained by the use of lithium metal anodes and the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) in redox processes. Ketjenblack (KB) was used in this research work to embed cobalt nanoparticles with a diameter smaller than 40 nm in order to create a suitable and affordable cathode host. Incorporating Co nanoparticles with KB that has a porous structure and great electrical conductivity allows the host to confine LiPSs chemically and physically, which is beneficial for lowering the shuttle effect and lengthening the lifespan of LSBs. Additionally, by using the lithiated form of sulfur (Li2S) rather than sulfur as the cathode material, the lithium source was moved from the anode to the cathode, reducing the safety concerns related to Li metal anodes and enabling the use of non-metallic anode materials like silicon and tin in LSBs. Li2S-Co@KB cathode has an initial discharge capacity of 850.3 mAh gLi2S-1. The cell has shown strong cycling stability at a 0.5 C current rate for over 300 cycles, with low capacity fading of 0.19% per cycle, as well as exceptional C-rate performances up to 5 C.

Lithium ion batteries are considered the most promising energy storage and conversion device candidates for use in future electric vehicle applications due to their ultrahigh energy density. In this study, a facile, ultrafast and green flame spray pyrolysis method was developed well to efficiently fabricate submicron-sized lithium cobaltite spheres from an aqueous spray solution of lithium nitrate and cobalt nitrate. Molar ratios of lithium: cobalt in the precursor solution was altered at three different levels, viz., 1: 1, 1. 3: 1 and 1. 7: 1. Then samples obtained under same conditions were calcined. Also, sample obtained with molar ratios of lithium: cobalt 1. 7: 1, under different conditions atmosphere was calcined. The sample calcined in oxygen atmosphere with low flow was phase pure crystalline rhombohedral lithium cobalt oxide. Furthermore, this sample showed an acceptable performance as cathode active material of lithium ion battery. The rechargeable capacity was 162 mAh g-1 at 0. 1 C and 101 mAh g-1 at 1 C and capacity retention of 84% after 50 cycles at this rate for this sample was observed.